![]() ![]() If the density and temperature of a water sample are known, salinity can be determined from a graph (Fig. The specific gravity of any substance is defined as the ratio of its density to the density of water at 39.2 F. The more dissolved salts there are in a body of water, the greater the density of the water. ![]()  Using a Hydrometer to Determine Density and Salinityīoth temperature and salinity affect density. Note Temperature must be within the ranges 0-370 C, 32-700 F, 273-645 K and 492-1160 R to get valid values. The output density is given as g/cm 3, kg/m 3, lb/ft 3, lb/gal(US liq) and sl/ft 3. Specific gravity is a ratio of the mass of a material to the mass of an equal volume of water at 4 oC. The calculator below can be used to calculate the liquid water density at given temperatures. Ice is less dense than liquid water which is why your ice cubes float in your glass. The density of water is roughly 1 gram per milliliter but, this changes with temperature or if there are substances dissolved in it. During low tide, a tidepool that is not connected to the ocean can become hypersaline when evaporating water leaves salts behind. Density is the mass of material per unit volume. Multimedia Publications In practical terms, density is the weight of a substance for a specific volume. Hypersaline water, or brine, is very salty seawater, above approximately 38 ppt. When the evaporated water is condensed, no minerals remain and the water is pure.īrackish water is a mixture of fresh water and seawater, below approximately 33 ppt (Fig. When water is evaporated, only water molecules escape into the air, leaving the heavier minerals behind. Distilled water has gone through the distillation process, which involves evaporating and condensing the water several times to remove dissolved matter. Water is not considered pure unless it has been distilled. Freshwater lakes, rivers, and streams contain some dissolved matter—1 ppt or less (Fig. The density of a substance is the same regardless of the size. The density of water is 1 gram per cubic centimeter. Just like a solid, the density of a liquid equals the mass of the liquid divided by its volume D m/v. Seawater generally ranges from 33 ppt to 38 ppt. The mass and size of the molecules in a liquid and how closely they are packed together determine the density of the liquid. The average salinity of seawater is about 35 grams per kilogram (g/kg) of seawater, or 35 ppt. ![]()
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